Coverage › CVE-2025-31201
CVE-2025-31201 Stale Partial Sigma
Apple Multiple Products Arbitrary Read and Write Vulnerability
- Vendor / product
- Apple — Multiple Products
- Description (CISA)
- Apple iOS, iPadOS, macOS, and other Apple products contain an arbitrary read and write vulnerability that allows an attacker to bypass Pointer Authentication.
- Added to KEV
- 2025-04-17
- Due date
- 2025-05-08
- Required action
- Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.
- Known ransomware use
- Unknown
- CWE
- none recorded by CISA
- CISA notes
- https://support.apple.com/en-us/122282
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122400
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122401
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122402
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-31201 - Elsewhere
- cve.org · NVD · CISA KEV · JSON
Stale mapping. This entry was mapped under ATT&CK 16.1; the current bundle is v19.2, and at least one mapped technique no longer stands as mapped:
- T1562 was revoked (superseded by T1685)
The chain below is rendered for the techniques that are still live. The superseding technique is linked where ATT&CK records one, but kevmap does not transfer the mapping to it — that would be a new claim nobody has published.
ATT&CK techniques · CTID Mappings Explorer, ATT&CK 16.1, KEV snapshot 2025-07-28
14 mapping objects across 14 techniques. exploitation technique states how the vulnerability is exploited; primary and secondary impact state what exploitation achieves. They are different claims and are labelled as such. Mappings marked mobile refer to ATT&CK Mobile; this site traverses the Enterprise bundle only and shows no detection chain for them.
Detection chain · ATT&CK Enterprise v19.2 detection strategies, analytics, log sources
- DET0053 Detect Obfuscated C2 via Network Traffic Analysis
AN0144 Windows
Detects excessive outbound traffic to remote host over HTTP(S) from uncommon or previously unseen processes.
NSM:Flow HTTP →
DC0085 Network Traffic Content
Tunable: OutboundByteThreshold ProcessAllowlist
AN0145 Linux
Identifies custom or previously unseen userland processes initiating high-volume HTTP connections with low response volume.
Tunable: UserProcessBaseline
AN0146 macOS
Flags unexpected user applications initiating long-lived HTTP(S) sessions with irregular traffic patterns.
Tunable: SessionDuration
Sigma rules tagged attack.t1001 (0)
None. MITRE's strategy above is the only public detection guidance for this technique.
- DET0516 Behavioral Detection of Command and Scripting Interpreter Abuse
AN1428 Windows
Detects the execution of scripting or command interpreters (e.g., powershell.exe, cmd.exe, wscript.exe) outside expected administrative time windows or from abnormal user contexts, often followed by encoded/obfuscated arguments or secondary execution events.
Tunable: CommandLinePattern ParentProcessName TimeWindow
AN1429 Linux
Detects use of shell interpreters (e.g., bash, sh, python, perl) initiated by users or processes not normally executing them, especially when chaining suspicious utilities like netcat, curl, or ssh.
Tunable: InterpreterName UserContext ExecutionChainLength
AN1430 macOS
Detects launch of command-line interpreters via Terminal, Automator, or hidden osascript, especially when parent process lineage deviates from user-initiated applications.
macos:unifiedlog log stream --info --predicate 'eventMessage CONTAINS "exec"' →
DC0032 Process Creation
Tunable: LaunchAgentName ScriptName TerminalAppUsage
AN1431 ESXi
Detects use of 'esxcli system' or direct interpreter commands (e.g., busybox shell) invoked from SSH or host terminal unexpectedly.
esxi:vobd shell session start →
DC0064 Command Execution
Tunable: ShellEnabledFlag SSHContext
AN1432 Network Devices
Identifies CLI interpreter access (e.g., Cisco IOS, Juniper JUNOS) via enable mode or scripting-capable sessions used by uncommon accounts or from unknown IPs.
Tunable: UserRole DeviceType
Sigma rules tagged attack.t1059 (95)
Author: Sohan G (D4rkCiph3r)
· 2023-04-05 · logsource: product=macos category=process_creation · 0250638a-2b28-4541-86fc-ea4c558fa0c6
Detects suspicious child processes spawned from browsers. This could be a result of a potential web browser exploitation.
Author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)
· 2023-04-17 · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 05ebafc8-7aa2-4bcd-a269-2aec93f9e842
Detects usage of winget to add new additional download sources
Author: Victor Sergeev, oscd.community
· 2020-10-09 (modified 2024-04-23) · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 06b401f4-107c-4ff9-947f-9ec1e7649f1e
Detects execution of "ftp.exe" script with the "-s" or "/s" flag and any child processes ran by "ftp.exe".
Author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), E.M. Anhaus (originally from Atomic Blue Detections, Endgame), oscd.community
· 2022-06-14 (modified 2023-01-04) · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 0955e4e1-c281-4fb9-9ee1-5ee7b4b754d2
Detects execition of commands and binaries from the context of The program compatibility assistant (Pcalua.exe). This can be used as a LOLBIN in order to bypass application whitelisting.
Author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems)
· 2025-11-25 · logsource: product=linux category=process_creation · 11bb9b26-4179-4a06-afcb-1ec31fce1627
Detects potential Shai-Hulud malware indicators based on specific command line arguments associated with its execution.
Author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)
· 2022-02-08 (modified 2026-02-17) · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 1228c958-e64e-4e71-92ad-7d429f4138ba
Detects suspicious script execution from suspicious directories or folders accessible by environment variables that may indicate malware activity.
Script interpreters (cscript, wscript, mshta, powershell) executing from folders like Temp, Public, or user profile directories may suggest attempts to evade detection or execute malicious scripts.
Author: Josh Nickels, Marius Rothenbücher
· 2024-09-06 · logsource: product=windows category=dns_query · 12310575-e8b1-475c-a976-57ed540b349c
Detects unusual domain resolutions originating from CScript/WScript that can identify malicious javascript files executing in an environment, often as a result from a phishing or watering hole attack.
Author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems)
· 2021-11-20 (modified 2023-03-29) · logsource: product=windows category=file_event · 1277f594-a7d1-4f28-a2d3-73af5cbeab43
Detects Windows shells and scripting applications that write files to suspicious folders
Author: frack113, Tim Shelton (update fp)
· 2022-12-05 (modified 2025-03-06) · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 178e615d-e666-498b-9630-9ed363038101
Detects when a shell program such as the Windows command prompt or PowerShell is launched with system privileges from a uncommon parent location.
Author: Micah Babinski
· 2023-10-15 · logsource: product=windows category=file_event · 1a433e1d-03d2-47a6-8063-ece992cf4e73
Detects the usage of curl.exe, KeyScramblerLogon, or other non-standard/suspicious processes used to create Autoit3.exe.
This activity has been associated with DarkGate malware, which uses Autoit3.exe to execute shellcode that performs
process injection and connects to the DarkGate command-and-control server. Curl, KeyScramblerLogon, and these other
processes consitute non-standard and suspicious ways to retrieve the Autoit3 executable.
Author: Andreas Braathen (mnemonic.io)
· 2023-11-14 · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 1ddaa9a4-eb0b-4398-a9fe-7b018f9e23db
Detects exploitation attempt of CVE-2023-22518 (Confluence Data Center / Confluence Server), where an attacker can exploit vulnerable endpoints to e.g. create admin accounts and execute arbitrary commands.
CVE tags: CVE-2023-22518
Author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)
· 2023-01-02 · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 20a5ffa1-3848-4584-b6f8-c7c7fd9f69c8
Detects execution of ruby using the "-e" flag. This is could be used as a way to launch a reverse shell or execute live ruby code.
Author: Tim Rauch (rule), Elastic (idea)
· 2022-10-17 · logsource: product=macos category=process_creation · 234dc5df-40b5-49d1-bf53-0d44ce778eca
Detects when a built-in utility is used to decode and decrypt a payload after a macOS disk image (DMG) is executed. Malware authors may attempt to evade detection and trick users into executing malicious code by encoding and encrypting their payload and placing it in a disk image file. This behavior is consistent with adware or malware families such as Bundlore and Shlayer.
Author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)
· 2023-06-14 · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 236d8e89-ed95-4789-a982-36f4643738ba
Detects execution of the "VMwareToolBoxCmd.exe" with the "script" and "set" flag to setup a specific script that's located in a potentially suspicious location to run for a specific VM state
Author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), X__Junior (Nextron Systems)
· 2024-01-11 · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 2433a154-bb3d-42e4-86c3-a26bdac91c45
Detects the execution of a renamed "PingCastle" binary based on the PE metadata fields.
All 95 rules on the technique page →
- DET0060 Detect Ingress Tool Transfers via Behavioral Chain
AN0165 Windows
Unusual or uncommon processes initiate network connections to external destinations followed by file creation (tools downloaded).
Tunable: ParentProcessName DestinationIPCategory FilePathRegex
AN0166 Linux
Shell-based tools (curl, wget, scp) initiate connections to external domains followed by creation of executable files on disk.
Tunable: ToolName DownloadExtension
AN0167 macOS
Process execution of curl or wget followed by a network connection and a file created in temporary or user-specific directories.
Tunable: DirectoryTargeted ProcessPath
AN0168 ESXi
Command line interface or vCLI triggers remote transfer using wget or curl, writing files into datastore paths or local tmp directories.
esxi:hostd command execution →
DC0064 Command Execution
Tunable: ToolName DatastorePath
AN0169 Network Devices
Network device logs show anomalous inbound file transfers or uncharacteristic flows with high payload volume to network devices with storage or automation hooks.
NSM:Flow connection metadata →
DC0078 Network Traffic Flow
snmp:syslog firmware write/log event →
DC0039 File Creation
Tunable: PayloadVolumeThreshold ProtocolUsed
Sigma rules tagged attack.t1105 (87)
Author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), Cedric MAURUGEON (Update)
· 2022-09-15 (modified 2023-05-02) · logsource: product=linux category=process_creation · 00b90cc1-17ec-402c-96ad-3a8117d7a582
Detects a suspicious curl process start the adds a file to a web request
Author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Cedric MAURUGEON (Update)
· 2020-07-03 (modified 2023-05-02) · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 00bca14a-df4e-4649-9054-3f2aa676bc04
Detects the execution of the "curl" process with "upload" flags. Which might indicate potential data exfiltration
Author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)
· 2021-12-27 (modified 2022-08-02) · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 00d49ed5-4491-4271-a8db-650a4ef6f8c1
Detects suspicious ways to download files from Microsoft domains that are used to store attachments in Emails or OneNote documents
Author: frack113
· 2022-12-25 · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 02b64f1b-3f33-4e67-aede-ef3b0a5a8fcf
Detects usage of COM objects that can be abused to download files in PowerShell by CLSID
Author: Furkan CALISKAN, @caliskanfurkan_, @oscd_initiative, Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)
· 2020-10-05 (modified 2024-03-05) · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 04936b66-3915-43ad-a8e5-809eadfd1141
Detects execution of findstr with the "s" and "i" flags for a "subfolder" and "insensitive" search respectively. Attackers sometimes leverage this built-in utility to search the system for interesting files or filter through results of commands.
Author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems)
· 2025-06-13 · logsource: product=windows category=image_load · 04fc4b22-91a6-495a-879d-0144fec5ec03
Detects potential exploitation of remote code execution vulnerability CVE-2025-33053
by monitoring suspicious image loads from WebDAV paths. The exploit involves malicious executables from
attacker-controlled WebDAV servers loading the Windows system DLLs like gdi32.dll, netapi32.dll, etc.
CVE tags: CVE-2025-33053
Author: frack113
· 2022-08-28 (modified 2024-05-31) · logsource: product=windows category=network_connection · 08249dc0-a28d-4555-8ba5-9255a198e08c
Detects a script interpreter (Wscript/Cscript) initiating a local network connection to download or execute a script hosted on a shared folder.
Author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems)
· 2026-04-01 · logsource: product=linux category=process_creation · 0a23a62d-c5b3-468b-a072-25064a9a8c87
Detects the Linux-specific execution chain of the plain-crypto-js malicious npm dependency by Axios NPM package, including payload download via curl and detached execution using nohup and python3.
On March 30, 2026, malicious versions (1.14.1, 0.30.4) were published to npm, injecting a dependency (plain-crypto-js@4.2.1) that executed a postinstall script as a cross-platform RAT dropper.
The dropper contacted a C2 server, delivered platform-specific payloads, deleted itself, and replaced package.json to evade detection.
Author: frack113, Florian Roth (Nextron Systems)
· 2022-09-02 (modified 2024-05-31) · logsource: product=windows category=network_connection · 0dba975d-a193-4ed1-a067-424df57570d1
Detects a network connection initiated by the certutil.exe utility.
Attackers can abuse the utility in order to download malware or additional payloads.
Author: Sreeman, Florian Roth (Nextron Systems)
· 2022-01-04 (modified 2025-10-07) · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 0e8cfe08-02c9-4815-a2f8-0d157b7ed33e
Detects execution of chromium based browser in headless mode using the "dump-dom" command line to download files
Author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Hieu Tran
· 2023-03-13 (modified 2025-07-18) · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 0f0450f3-8b47-441e-a31b-15a91dc243e2
Detects potential DLL files being downloaded using the PowerShell Invoke-WebRequest or Invoke-RestMethod cmdlets.
Author: Sohan G (D4rkCiph3r), Red Canary (idea)
· 2023-08-22 · logsource: product=macos category=process_creation · 13db8d2e-7723-4c2c-93c1-a4d36994f7ef
Detects potential in-memory downloading and compiling of applets using curl and osacompile as seen used by XCSSET malware
Author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)
· 2023-02-15 (modified 2025-12-01) · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 13e6fe51-d478-4c7e-b0f2-6da9b400a829
Detects the execution of certutil with certain flags that allow the utility to download files from direct IPs.
Author: frack113
· 2021-11-26 (modified 2022-08-13) · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 185d7418-f250-42d0-b72e-0c8b70661e93
Download and compress a remote file and store it in a cab file on local machine.
Author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems)
· 2017-11-08 (modified 2023-05-18) · logsource: category=proxy · 195c1119-ef07-4909-bb12-e66f5e07bf3c
Detects download of certain file types from hosts with dynamic DNS names (selected list)
All 87 rules on the technique page →
- DET0529 Behavioral Detection of Native API Invocation via Unusual DLL Loads and Direct Syscalls
AN1465 Windows
Unusual or suspicious processes loading critical native API DLLs (e.g., ntdll.dll, kernel32.dll) followed by direct syscall behavior, memory manipulation, or hollowing.
Tunable: DllName Image TargetProcess
AN1466 Linux
Userland processes invoking syscall-heavy libraries (libc, glibc) followed by fork, mmap, or ptrace behavior commonly associated with code injection or memory manipulation.
Tunable: SyscallType ProcessName MAPS Path
AN1467 macOS
Execution of processes that link to CoreServices or Foundation APIs followed by creation of memory regions, code execution, or abnormal library injection.
Tunable: API Framework Name Execution Context
Sigma rules tagged attack.t1106 (14)
Author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), Nikita Nazarov, oscd.community
· 2020-10-06 (modified 2026-04-29) · logsource: product=windows category=ps_script · 03d83090-8cba-44a0-b02f-0b756a050306
Detects usage of WinAPI functions in PowerShell scripts.
It may indicate attempts to perform actions such as process injection, token stealing, or other malicious activities that leverage Windows API calls.
These techniques are commonly used to evade traditional file-based detections by loading and executing code directly in memory.
Author: Christian Burkard (Nextron Systems)
· 2021-08-04 (modified 2023-11-28) · logsource: product=windows category=process_access · 09706624-b7f6-455d-9d02-adee024cee1d
Detects a typical pattern of a CobaltStrike BOF which inject into other processes
Author: Nikita Nazarov, oscd.community, Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)
· 2023-07-21 · logsource: product=windows category=ps_script · 19d65a1c-8540-4140-8062-8eb00db0bba5
Detects calls to WinAPI libraries from PowerShell scripts. Attackers can often leverage these APIs to avoid detection based on typical PowerShell function calls. Use this rule as a basis to hunt for interesting scripts.
Author: Christian Burkard (Nextron Systems), Tim Shelton (FP)
· 2021-07-28 (modified 2023-12-13) · logsource: product=windows category=process_access · 3f3f3506-1895-401b-9cc3-e86b16e630d0
Detects potential calls to NtOpenProcess directly from NTDLL.
Author: Markus Neis
· 2017-11-06 (modified 2021-11-27) · logsource: product=windows category=pipe_created · 739915e4-1e70-4778-8b8a-17db02f66db1
Detects a named pipe used by Turla group samples
Author: Rafal Piasecki
· 2022-08-10 (modified 2026-03-30) · logsource: product=linux service=auditd · 808146b2-9332-4d78-9416-d7e47012d83d
detects BPFDoor .lock and .pid files access in temporary file storage facility
Author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel
· 2023-12-04 · logsource: product=windows category=ps_script · 851fd622-b675-4d26-b803-14bc7baa517a
Detects scriptblock text keywords indicative of potential usge of the tool WinPwn. A tool for Windows and Active Directory reconnaissance and exploitation.
Author: Alexander Rausch
· 2020-06-24 (modified 2023-03-01) · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 95022b85-ff2a-49fa-939a-d7b8f56eeb9b
Detects actions caused by the RedMimicry Winnti playbook a automated breach emulations utility
Author: Nikita Nazarov, oscd.community, Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)
· 2023-07-21 · logsource: product=windows category=ps_script · 9f22ccd5-a435-453b-af96-bf99cbb594d4
Detects calls to WinAPI functions from PowerShell scripts. Attackers can often leverage these APIs to avoid detection based on typical PowerShell function calls. Use this rule as a basis to hunt for interesting scripts.
Author: Bhabesh Raj (rule), @thefLinkk
· 2022-06-27 (modified 2023-11-28) · logsource: product=windows category=process_access · b1bd3a59-c1fd-4860-9f40-4dd161a7d1f5
Detects HandleKatz opening LSASS to duplicate its handle to later dump the memory without opening any new handles
Author: Beyu Denis, oscd.community, Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)
· 2019-10-26 (modified 2024-04-22) · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · b5c7395f-e501-4a08-94d4-57fe7a9da9d2
Detects usage of "cdb.exe" to launch arbitrary processes or commands from a debugger script file
Author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)
· 2022-09-06 (modified 2025-03-06) · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · ba3f5c1b-6272-4119-9dbd-0bc8d21c2702
Detects the use of WinAPI Functions via the commandline. As seen used by threat actors via the tool winapiexec
Author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel
· 2023-12-04 · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · d557dc06-62e8-4468-a8e8-7984124908ce
Detects commandline keywords indicative of potential usge of the tool WinPwn. A tool for Windows and Active Directory reconnaissance and exploitation.
Author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)
· 2021-07-17 (modified 2023-02-21) · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · e32f92d1-523e-49c3-9374-bdb13b46a3ba
Detects suspicious mshta process execution patterns
- DET0287 Exploitation for Client Execution – cross-platform behavior chain (browser/Office/3rd-party apps)
AN0797 Windows
Cause→effect chain: (1) A client app (browser, Office, PDF/Flash/reader) experiences a crash/abnormal exit or loads from an unusual location, then (2) drops or modifies a file in user-writable paths, and/or (3) spawns an unexpected child (e.g., powershell/cmd/mshta/rundll32/wscript/installer), and (4) establishes outbound C2-like connections shortly after. Correlate application logs, file writes, process lineage, and network egress within a short window.
Tunable: TimeWindow HighRiskChildren UserPaths AllowedPlugins EgressAllowlist
AN0798 Linux
Cause→effect chain: (1) Browser/Office/reader process logs crash/segfault or abnormal sandbox message, (2) new executable/script/write occurs in $HOME (Downloads, ~/.cache, /tmp), (3) unexpected child like curl/wget/bash/python opens network connections soon after.
linux:syslog browser/office crash, segfault, abnormal termination →
DC0038 Application Log Content
NetFlow:Flow new outbound connections from exploited process tree →
DC0078 Network Traffic Flow
Tunable: TimeWindow UserPaths HighRiskChildren PackageUpdaters
AN0799 macOS
Cause→effect chain: (1) App crash/abnormal termination in unified logs for Safari/Chrome/Office/Preview, (2) new files/scripts in ~/Library, ~/Downloads, /private/var/folders/*, (3) unexpected child (osascript, zsh, bash, curl) spawned by those apps, (4) new outbound connections.
macos:unifiedlog process crash, abort, code signing violations →
DC0038 Application Log Content
fs:fsevents create/write/rename under user-writable paths →
DC0061 File Modification
NSM:Connections new connections from exploited lineage →
DC0078 Network Traffic Flow
Tunable: TimeWindow HighRiskChildren UserPaths QuarantineBypass
Sigma rules tagged attack.t1203 (35)
Author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems)
· 2017-11-07 (modified 2023-05-18) · logsource: category=proxy · 00d0b5ab-1f55-4120-8e83-487c0a7baf19
Detects download of certain file types from hosts in suspicious TLDs
Author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems)
· 2019-10-24 (modified 2021-11-27) · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 023394c4-29d5-46ab-92b8-6a534c6f447b
Detects suspicious Hangul Word Processor (Hanword) sub processes that could indicate an exploitation
Author: Sohan G (D4rkCiph3r)
· 2023-04-05 · logsource: product=macos category=process_creation · 0250638a-2b28-4541-86fc-ea4c558fa0c6
Detects suspicious child processes spawned from browsers. This could be a result of a potential web browser exploitation.
Author: Arnim Rupp (Nextron Systems)
· 2026-06-15 · logsource: category=antivirus · 101a1877-2cf4-474d-abfd-7f6ac4788d1a
Detects a highly relevant Antivirus alert that reports APT malware.
This event must not be ignored just because the AV has blocked the malware but investigate, how it came there in the first place.
Author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)
· 2023-08-31 · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 146aace8-9bd6-42ba-be7a-0070d8027b76
Detects potentially suspicious child processes of WinRAR.exe.
Author: Roberto Rodriguez (Cyb3rWard0g), OTR (Open Threat Research), MSTIC
· 2021-10-15 (modified 2022-10-05) · logsource: product=linux category=process_creation · 21541900-27a9-4454-9c4c-3f0a4240344a
Rule to detect the use of the SCX RunAsProvider Invoke_ExecuteShellCommand to execute any UNIX/Linux command using the /bin/sh shell.
SCXcore, started as the Microsoft Operations Manager UNIX/Linux Agent, is now used in a host of products including
Microsoft Operations Manager, Microsoft Azure, and Microsoft Operations Management Suite.
Author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Arnim Rupp
· 2018-09-09 (modified 2026-06-15) · logsource: category=antivirus · 238527ad-3c2c-4e4f-a1f6-92fd63adb864
Detects a highly relevant Antivirus alert that reports an exploitation framework.
This event must not be ignored just because the AV has blocked the malware but investigate, how it came there in the first place.
Author: Florian Roth
· 2025-01-18 · logsource: product=linux category=process_creation · 297241f3-8108-4b3a-8c15-2dda9f844594
Detects the execution of a shell as sub process of "rsync" without the expected command line flag "-e" being used, which could be an indication of exploitation as described in CVE-2024-12084. This behavior is commonly associated with attempts to execute arbitrary commands or escalate privileges, potentially leading to unauthorized access or further exploitation.
Author: Sittikorn S, frack113
· 2021-07-16 (modified 2023-08-17) · logsource: product=windows category=registry_set · 32b5db62-cb5f-4266-9639-0fa48376ac00
Detects patterns as noticed in exploitation of Windows CVE-2021-31979 CVE-2021-33771 vulnerability and DevilsTongue malware by threat group Sourgum
CVE tags: CVE-2021-33771CVE-2021-31979
Author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)
· 2023-06-12 (modified 2024-03-12) · logsource: product=windows category=network_connection · 3c21219b-49b5-4268-bce6-c914ed50f09c
Detects network connections from "dfsvc.exe" used to handled ClickOnce applications to non-local IPs
Author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems)
· 2025-05-20 · logsource: category=webserver · 41956f7c-7a6b-46d6-b6bb-da6eb2e83fbe
Detects potential exploitation of a chained vulnerability attack targeting Ivanti EPMM 12.5.0.0.
CVE-2025-4427 allows unauthenticated access to protected API endpoints via an authentication bypass,
which can then be leveraged to trigger CVE-2025-4428 — a remote code execution vulnerability through
template injection. This sequence enables unauthenticated remote code execution, significantly increasing
the impact of exploitation.
CVE tags: CVE-2025-4427CVE-2025-4428
Author: Huntress Labs, Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems)
· 2025-10-31 · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 43259cc4-1b80-4931-bd98-baea01afc196
Detects the creation of command-line interpreters (cmd.exe, powershell.exe) as child processes of Windows Server Update Services (WSUS) related process wsusservice.exe.
This behavior is a key indicator of exploitation for the critical remote code execution vulnerability such as CVE-2025-59287, where attackers spawn shells to conduct reconnaissance and further post-exploitation activities.
CVE tags: CVE-2025-59287
Author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Zach Mathis
· 2020-01-15 (modified 2022-10-22) · logsource: product=windows service=application · 48d91a3a-2363-43ba-a456-ca71ac3da5c2
Detects events generated by user-mode applications when they call the CveEventWrite API when a known vulnerability is trying to be exploited.
MS started using this log in Jan. 2020 with CVE-2020-0601 (a Windows CryptoAPI vulnerability.
Unfortunately, that is about the only instance of CVEs being written to this log.
Author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)
· 2023-06-12 (modified 2024-01-31) · logsource: product=windows category=network_connection · 4c5fba4a-9ef6-4f16-823d-606246054741
Detects an initiated network connection over uncommon ports from "dfsvc.exe". A utility used to handled ClickOnce applications.
Author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems)
· 2025-11-25 · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · 5299fadf-f228-4526-8274-251db1960be9
Detects the execution of `bun_environment.js` via the Bun runtime, a behavior associated with the Shai-Hulud "Second Coming" NPM supply chain attack.
The malware uses a `setup_bun.js` script to install the Bun runtime if not present, and then executes the malicious `bun_environment.js` payload.
All 35 rules on the technique page →
- DET0296 Detect Adversary-in-the-Middle via Network and Configuration Anomalies
AN0823 Windows
Detects suspicious DNS/ARP poisoning attempts, unauthorized modifications to registry/network configuration, or abnormal TLS downgrade activity. Correlates changes in system configuration with subsequent unusual network flows or authentication events.
Tunable: MonitoredRegistryPaths DowngradeCipherList TimeWindow
AN0824 Linux
Detects unauthorized edits to /etc/hosts, /etc/resolv.conf, or suspicious ARP broadcasts. Correlates file modifications with subsequent unexpected network sessions or service creation.
NSM:Flow Unexpected ARP replies or DNS responses inconsistent with authoritative servers →
DC0085 Network Traffic Content
Tunable: MonitoredFiles ARPThreshold
AN0825 macOS
Detects unauthorized edits to system configuration profiles, unexpected certificate trust changes, or abnormal ARP/DNS patterns indicative of interception.
macos:unifiedlog Configuration profile modified or new profile installed →
DC0038 Application Log Content
NSM:Flow TLS downgrade or inconsistent DNS answers →
DC0085 Network Traffic Content
Tunable: ProfileIdentifiers TLSVersionThreshold
AN0826 Network Devices
Detects unauthorized firmware or configuration changes enabling adversary-in-the-middle positioning (e.g., route injection, DNS spoofing, SSL downgrade). Behavioral analytics focus on sudden changes to routing tables or image file integrity failures.
NSM:Flow Unexpected route changes or duplicate gateway advertisements →
DC0078 Network Traffic Flow
networkdevice:config Configuration file modified or replaced on network device →
DC0061 File Modification
Tunable: RoutingPolicyBaseline FirmwareChecksum
Sigma rules tagged attack.t1557 (10)
Author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems)
· 2026-02-02 (modified 2026-03-16) · logsource: product=windows category=dns_query · 2074e137-1b73-4e2d-88ba-5a3407dbdce0
Detects when the Notepad++ updater (gup.exe) makes DNS queries to domains that are not part of the known legitimate update infrastructure.
This could indicate potential exploitation of the updater mechanism or suspicious network activity that warrants further investigation.
Author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems)
· 2026-02-03 (modified 2026-03-16) · logsource: product=windows category=file_event · 3b8f4c92-6a51-4d7e-9c3a-8e2d1f5a7b09
Detects when the Notepad++ updater (gup.exe) creates files in suspicious or uncommon locations.
This could indicate potential exploitation of the updater component to deliver unwanted malware or unwarranted files.
Author: Tim Brown
· 2023-01-09 · logsource: product=cisco service=ldp · 50e606bf-04ce-4ca7-9d54-3449494bbd4b
Detects LDP failures which may be indicative of brute force attacks to manipulate MPLS labels
Author: Tim Brown
· 2023-01-09 (modified 2023-01-23) · logsource: product=cisco service=bgp · 56fa3cd6-f8d6-4520-a8c7-607292971886
Detects BGP failures which may be indicative of brute force attacks to manipulate routing
Author: Tim Brown
· 2023-01-09 (modified 2023-01-23) · logsource: product=huawei service=bgp · a557ffe6-ac54-43d2-ae69-158027082350
Detects BGP failures which may be indicative of brute force attacks to manipulate routing.
Author: Tim Brown
· 2023-01-09 (modified 2023-01-23) · logsource: product=juniper service=bgp · a7c0ae48-8df8-42bf-91bd-2ea57e2f9d43
Detects juniper BGP missing MD5 digest. Which may be indicative of brute force attacks to manipulate routing.
Author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems)
· 2026-02-03 · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · bb0e87ce-c89f-4857-84fa-095e4483e9cb
Detects suspicious child process creation by the Notepad++ updater process (gup.exe).
This could indicate potential exploitation of the updater component to deliver unwanted malware.
Author: Janantha Marasinghe
· 2022-11-18 (modified 2022-12-30) · logsource: product=windows category=process_creation · c2c76b77-32be-4d1f-82c9-7e544bdfe0eb
Detects potential suspicious behaviour using secedit.exe. Such as exporting or modifying the security policy
Author: hamid
· 2025-10-19 · logsource: product=windows service=system · d22df9cd-2aee-4089-93c7-9dc4eae77f2c
Detects the configuration of a new ISATAP router on a Windows host. While ISATAP is a legitimate Microsoft technology for IPv6 transition, unexpected or unauthorized ISATAP router configurations could indicate a potential IPv6 DNS Takeover attack using tools like mitm6.
In such attacks, adversaries advertise themselves as DHCPv6 servers and set malicious ISATAP routers to intercept traffic.
This detection should be correlated with network baselines and known legitimate ISATAP deployments in your environment.
Author: Marco Pedrinazzi (@pedrinazziM) (InTheCyber)
· 2026-04-28 · logsource: product=azure service=signinlogs · ea1a07f0-3dac-47a2-aeb4-86f5379ba2b4
Detects sign-in attempts in Azure/Entra ID logs where the user agent contains "axios",
indicating potential use of automated credential harvesting or AiTM phishing infrastructure.
Axios is a Node.js HTTP client abused to intercept and replay stolen credentials and MFA tokens.
When triaging results, analysts should:
- Check the sign-in risk level, MFA status, and conditional access results for signs of bypass.
- Look for sign-ins from unusual locations or IPs, especially if the same IP targets multiple accounts.
- Prioritize successful sign-ins over failed ones, as they may indicate a completed credential replay or AiTM attack.